ACL 受伤
Overview
前交叉韧带 (ACL) 是膝关节的四大韧带之一, 哪些协同作用，协调功能，促进稳定. 韧带把骨头连接在一起. Running from the back of the femur (thighbone) to the front of the tibia (the larger long bone of the calf), the ACL prevents forward movement of the tibia and provides rotational stability to the knee.
前交叉韧带损伤通常发生在运动或运动中, 最常见的是在非接触事件期间, 比如在足球比赛中快速改变方向. A smaller percentage of ACL injuries result from direct contact with another player or object. Several studies have shown that females have a higher incidence of this injury than males, 特别是在某些运动中. 有人提出，这是由于身体十大赌博靠谱网络平台的差异, 肌肉力量, 神经肌肉控制和骨骼排列, 以及女性松弛的韧带和雌激素对韧带特性的影响.
典型的前交叉韧带损伤发生在减速、突然停止、扭曲或跳跃时. People often hear or feel a pop at the moment of injury and sometimes experience a brief hyperextension of the knee joint. Immediately afterward, some people are able to continue their activity, but most are not. 几个小时后，膝盖会相当肿胀.
我们治疗前交叉韧带撕裂的方法
UCSF is committed to helping patients with ACL tears return to the highest level of activity possible, 无论是每天散步还是报道NFL的训练. 我们的团队包括整形外科十大赌博平台排行榜, 初级保健运动医学十大赌博平台排行榜, 物理治疗师和运动教练. These specialists work together to tailor a treatment plan that supports each patient's needs and goals.
奖 & 识别
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是全国顶尖的十大赌博平台排行榜之一
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全国最好的骨科护理之一
迹象 & 症状
前交叉韧带撕裂患者常:
- 受伤时听到或感觉到砰的一声
- 立即肿胀
- 感觉好像他们的膝盖要不行了或不稳定, 尤其是转弯时, 绕轴旋转, 走着走着下楼
- 经历膝盖的持续不稳定
诊断
检测前交叉韧带损伤, 十大赌博平台排行榜检查膝盖的活动范围, 肿胀, 稳定性和韧带完整性, 评估下半身的力量. x光可用于检查骨损伤, and an MRI scan can help with assessing the injury's severity and detecting associated problems, 比如其他膝盖韧带的扭伤, 半月板撕裂或关节软骨损伤.
治疗
大多数前交叉韧带撕裂是通过重建手术治疗的, 但这取决于病人的年龄, 受伤程度, 活动水平和恢复目标, 有时会选择非手术方法. 病人 choosing between these options will benefit from a collaborative decision-making process with their doctors and physical therapists.
For patients who aren't very physically active or don't participate in sports that involve quick changes in direction, a physical therapy treatment plan (instead of ACL reconstruction surgery) is a reasonable option, 由于受伤可能不会影响他们的日常活动. The regimen takes six to 10 months and can restore knee stability to a point where it's close to the pre-injury state. Using a hinged knee brace (ACL functional brace) can help prevent episodes of instability during this period and support a safe return to low-stress sporting activities.
不幸的是, many people who decide against surgery may experience a secondary injury to the knee due to repetitive instability episodes and altered biomechanics. 病人 who have had an ACL tear that do not have ACL reconstruction surgery may be at a higher risk of further injury to the meniscus and cartilage. 很少, some people with an ACL tear are able to participate in sports without 症状 of instability. 这种可变性与原始膝关节损伤的严重程度有关, 以及个人通常从事的特定活动.
准备手术
The decisions you make and actions you take before your surgery can be as important as the procedure itself in ensuring a healthy recovery.
准备. Make sure you understand the potential risks and benefits of the surgery you'll be having. 问你的外科十大赌博平台排行榜任何问题. 与接受过手术的人交谈也会有所帮助.
和你的外科十大赌博平台排行榜谈谈. Tell your surgeon about your health problems – everything from a recent fever or infection to a chronic condition such as asthma or sleep apnea – and about any medications you take. 你的外科十大赌博平台排行榜会在术前检查你的健康史.
按照指令. You'll be instructed not to eat or drink after midnight on the night before your surgery. This reduces the risk of vomiting while under general anesthesia, which can lead to complications. 手术前不要饮酒、吸烟或服用娱乐性药物.
安排运输. 你需要一个你认识的人在手术后几个小时开车送你回家, 因为麻醉剂和止痛药会让你昏昏欲睡. 你不能独自离开十大赌博平台排行榜.
练习使用拐杖. 在你真正需要拐杖之前学会使用拐杖. Your physical therapist or the athletic trainer on your care team can instruct you on proper technique at your pre-op appointment.
穿着舒适的. 在手术当天, wear loose pants or other clothing that will fit comfortably over your knee bandages and post-op brace.
放松. 保持良好的心态可以缓解你对手术的焦虑. 分心，比如阅读, 听音乐或播客, 或者练习正念冥想会有所帮助.
常见问题
- 手术后我什么时候可以洗澡?
在你第一次术后检查之前，你应该保持敷料和膝盖干燥, 这时你就可以洗澡了. But don't submerge the surgical site in a bathtub or swimming pool until three to four weeks have passed since your surgery.
- 我什么时候有后续预约?
在你第一次术后检查之前，你应该保持敷料和膝盖干燥, 这时你就可以洗澡了. But don't submerge the surgical site in a bathtub or swimming pool until three to four weeks have passed since your surgery.
- 我应该什么时候开始物理治疗?
你应该尽快开始，在手术后的第一周或两周. 患者通常在第一次术后预约后进行第一次会议.
- 我要拄拐杖多久?
你需要拄着拐杖四到六周, 取决于你受伤的严重程度等因素, 你膝盖上修复的任何其他结构以及术后肿胀的程度.
- 冷敷装置能最好地缓解疼痛吗?
你可以选择多种结冰方法, 比如在绷带上放一个普通的冰袋或一包冷冻蔬菜. 冷疗单位, 哪一种是用膝盖上的垫子让冰水循环, 是有效的，但有点贵吗. They can be purchased online, at medical supply stores or at UCSF orthotics and prosthetics centers.
- 我要缝针吗??
手术后7到10天，你会缝三到四针, 在你第一次术后预约时.
- 前交叉韧带手术后我什么时候可以回到学校或工作?
Most patients are ready to return to school or desk work five to seven days after surgery. 如果你能在家工作，你最初的恢复期会更容易. 对体力要求很高的工作, 在重返工作岗位之前，你需要更多的时间来安全康复和体检.
- ACL手术后我什么时候可以开车?
那要看哪条腿动了手术. 如果你的左膝做了手术并且有一辆自动驾驶汽车, you can drive once you're no longer taking narcotic pain medication and feel capable of doing so safely. 如果你的右膝做了手术, you'll need to wait three to six weeks after surgery to get medical clearance from your surgeon to drive.
照顾好你的膝盖
虽然膝关节韧带损伤很常见，但你可以采取以下措施来降低风险:
- 控制体重. Every pound in excess of your normal weight puts 3 or 4 additional pounds of pressure on your knee with every step.
- 保持双腿强壮. The hamstrings (the muscles of the back of the thigh) and the quadriceps (those at the front) are crucial shock absorbers. 保持这些肌肉的强壮和灵活可以保护你的膝关节表面.
- 伸展肌肉. 运动前的拉伸应该是热身的常规部分. 然而，不要过度拉伸也很重要. 永远不要用你的手去推或拉不舒服的东西, 在热身时避免下蹲, 哪些会给你的膝关节造成压力.
- 穿合适的鞋子. Well-fitting athletic shoes with suitable cushioning or support can reduce the impact on your knees.
- 慢慢成形. If you want to take up activities that require twisting and turning – such as racket sports, 滑雪, 足球或篮球——不要以为你可以通过运动让自己塑形. Develop your fitness and strength before you get active in sports that are hard on knees.
加州大学旧金山分校健康医学专家已经审查了这些信息. It is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace the advice of your doctor or other health care provider. 我们鼓励您与您的供应商讨论您可能遇到的任何问题或疑虑.
