Exercise stress test

Definition

运动压力测试是用来测量运动对心脏的影响.

Alternative Names

Exercise ECG; ECG - exercise treadmill; EKG - exercise treadmill; Stress ECG; Exercise electrocardiography; Stress test - exercise treadmill; CAD - treadmill; Coronary artery disease - treadmill; Chest pain - treadmill; Angina - treadmill; Heart disease - treadmill

How the Test is Performed

该测试在医疗中心或医疗保健提供者的办公室进行.

技术人员将在你的胸部放置10个称为电极的扁平粘性贴片. 这些贴片附着在心电图监视器上，在测试过程中跟踪你的心脏的电活动.

你可以在跑步机上走路，或者骑健身自行车. Slowly (about every 3 minutes), 你会被要求走得更快，在一个斜坡上或有更大的阻力. It is like walking fast or jogging up a hill.

当你运动时，心脏的活动是用心电图(ECG)来测量的。. Your blood pressure readings are also taken.

The test continues until:

• You reach a target heart rate.
• You develop chest pain or a change in your blood pressure that is concerning.
• 心电图显示你的心肌没有得到足够的氧气.
• 你太累了或有其他症状，如腿痛，使你不能继续.

你将在运动后接受10到15分钟的监测, or until your heart rate returns to baseline. The total time of the test is around 60 minutes.

How to Prepare for the Test

穿舒适的鞋子和宽松的衣服来锻炼身体.

询问十大赌博平台排行榜在检查当天是否需要服用常规药物. Some medicines may interfere with test results. 在没有和十大赌博平台排行榜商量之前，不要停止服用任何药物.

告诉你的十大赌博平台排行榜你是否正在服用枸橼酸西地那非(伟哥), tadalafil (Cialis), 或伐地那非(艾力达)，并在过去24至48小时内服用过一剂.

You must not eat, smoke, 或者在测试前喝含咖啡因或酒精的饮料3小时(或更长时间). In most cases, 您将被要求在测试前24小时内避免咖啡因或类似咖啡因的物质. This includes:

• Tea and coffee
• All sodas, even ones that are labeled caffeine-free
• Chocolates
• Certain pain relievers that contain caffeine

How the Test will Feel

电极(导电贴片)将被放置在你的胸部，以记录心脏的活动. 在胸部准备电极时可能会产生轻微的灼烧感或刺痛感.

你手臂上的血压计每隔几分钟就会充气一次. This produces a squeezing sensation that may feel tight. 心率和血压的基线测量将在运动开始前进行.

你将开始在跑步机上行走或骑固定自行车. 跑步机的速度和倾斜度(或踏板阻力)会慢慢增加.

有时，人们在测试过程中会遇到以下一些症状:

• Chest discomfort
• Dizziness
• Palpitations
• Shortness of breath

Why the Test is Performed

可进行运动压力测试的原因包括:

• 你胸痛(检查是否有冠状动脉疾病), narrowing of the arteries that feed the heart muscle).
• Your angina is getting worse or is happening more often.
• You have had a heart attack.
• You have had angioplasty or heart bypass surgery.
• 你要开始一个锻炼计划，你有心脏病或某些危险因素, such as diabetes.
• 识别运动过程中可能发生的心律变化.
• To further test for a heart valve problem (such as aortic valve or mitral valve stenosis).

您的提供者要求进行此测试可能还有其他原因.

Normal Results

一个正常的测试通常意味着你能够锻炼的时间和你的年龄和性别的大多数人一样长或更长. 你也没有症状或有关血压或心电图的变化.

测试结果的意义取决于测试的原因, your age, and your history of heart and other medical problems.

对某些人来说，可能很难解释只进行运动的压力测试的结果.

What Abnormal Results Mean

Abnormal results may be due to:

• Abnormal heart rhythms during exercise
• 心电图的变化可能意味着供应心脏的动脉阻塞(coronary artery disease)

When you have an abnormal exercise stress test, you may have other tests performed on your heart such as:

• Cardiac catheterization
• Nuclear stress test
• Stress echocardiography

Risks

Stress tests are generally safe. Some people may have chest pain or may faint or collapse. A heart attack or dangerous irregular heart rhythm is rare.

更容易出现这种并发症的人通常已经知道有心脏问题, so they are not given this test.

References

Balady GJ, Ades PA. 运动生理学和运动心电图检查. 见:Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Bhatt DL, Solomon SD编. 布劳恩瓦尔德心脏病:心血管医学教科书. 12th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 15.

Fihn SD, Blankenship JC, Alexander KP, et al. 2014 ACC/AHA/AATS/PCNA/SCAI/STS重点更新了稳定性缺血性心脏病患者的诊断和管理指南:美国心脏病学会/美国心脏协会实践指南工作组的报告, and the American Association for Thoracic Surgery, Preventive Cardiovascular Nurses Association, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, and Society of Thoracic Surgeons. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;64(18):1929-1949. PMID: 25077860 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25077860/.

Goff DC Jr, Lloyd-Jones DM, Bennett G, et al; American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. 2013年ACC/AHA心血管风险评估指南:美国心脏病学会/美国心脏协会实践指南工作组报告. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;63(25 Pt B):2935-2959. PMID: 24239921 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24239921/.

Morrow DA, de Lemos JA. Stable ischemic heart disease. 见:Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Bhatt DL, Solomon SD编. 布劳恩瓦尔德心脏病:心血管医学教科书. 12th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 40.