Chest CT
Definition
胸部CT(计算机断层扫描)扫描是一种成像方法,它使用x射线来创建胸部和上腹部的横截面图像.
Alternative Names
Thoracic CT; CT scan - lungs; CT scan - chest
How the Test is Performed
The test is done in the following way:
- 你可能会被要求换上病号服.
- 你躺在一张狭窄的桌子上,这张桌子滑进扫描仪的中心. 一旦你进入扫描仪,机器的x射线束就会围绕你旋转.
- 考试时你必须保持不动,因为移动会使图像模糊. 你可能会被告知在短时间内屏住呼吸.
完整的扫描需要30秒到几分钟.
Certain
在测试过程中,十大赌博平台排行榜可能会给你一些药物来帮助你放松.
How to Prepare for the Test
有些人对静脉造影剂过敏,可能需要在测试前服用药物以安全地接受这种物质.
If contrast is used, 您也可能被要求在测试前4到6小时内不要吃或喝任何东西.
If you weigh more than 300 pounds (135 kilograms), 您的医疗保健提供者在检查前与扫描仪操作员联系过吗. CT扫描仪的重量上限为450磅(204公斤)。. 一些较新的扫描仪可以承受680磅(308公斤)的重量。. 因为x射线很难穿透金属,所以你会被要求摘掉首饰.
How the Test will Feel
有些人躺在坚硬的桌子上可能会感到不舒服.
静脉注射造影剂可能会引起轻微的灼烧感, a metallic taste in the mouth, and a warm flushing of the body. 这些感觉是正常的,通常会在几秒钟内消失.
没有恢复时间,除非你吃了药来放松. CT扫描后,你可以恢复正常的饮食、活动和药物.
Why the Test is Performed
CT quickly creates detailed pictures of the body. 该测试可用于更好地观察胸腔内的结构. CT扫描是观察心脏和肺部等软组织的最好方法之一.
A chest CT may be done:
- After a chest injury
- When a
tumor or mass (clump of cells) is suspected, including asolitary pulmonary nodule seen on a chest x-ray - 测定胸部和上腹部器官的大小、形状和位置
- 检查肺部或其他部位是否出血或积液
- 检查胸部是否有感染或炎症
- To look for blood clots in the lungs
- To look for scarring in the lungs
- To look for
emphysema
What Abnormal Results Mean
胸部CT可显示心脏、肺、纵隔或胸部的许多疾病,包括:
- A
tear in the wall , anabnormal widening or ballooning , ornarrowing 主动脉将血液运出心脏的大动脉(主动脉) - 肺或胸部主要血管的其他异常变化,如血栓(肺栓塞)
- Buildup of
blood or fluid around the heart -
Lung cancer or
cancer that has spread to the lungs from elsewhere in the body - 肺周围积液(胸腔积液)
- 肺大气道的损害或扩张(
bronchiectasis ) - Enlarged lymph nodes
- 肺部疾病,肺部组织发炎然后受损(
intestinal lung disease ) - Pneumonia
- Esophageal cancer
- Lymphoma in the chest
- Tumors, nodules, or cysts in the chest
Risks
CT扫描和其他x射线都受到严格的监控和控制,以确保它们使用最少的辐射. CT scans use low levels of ionizing radiation, 哪些有可能导致癌症和其他缺陷. However, the risk from any one scan is small. The risk increases as many more studies are done.
最常见的静脉造影剂含有碘. 如果一个对碘过敏的人接受这种对比, nausea, sneezing, vomiting, itching, or hives may occur. 在极少数情况下,这种染料会引起危及生命的过敏反应,即过敏反应. If you have any trouble breathing during the test, you should notify the scanner operator immediately. 扫描仪配有对讲机和扬声器,因此操作员可以随时听到您的声音.
对于有肾脏问题的人来说,这种染料可能对肾脏有有害的影响. 在这些情况下,可以采取特殊步骤使对比染料使用更安全.
尽管有风险,但如果益处远远大于风险,还是可以做CT扫描. 例如,如果你的十大赌博平台排行榜认为你可能患有癌症,不做检查的风险更大.
References
Nair A, Barnett JL, Semple TR. Current status of thoracic imaging. 见:Adam A, Dixon AK, Gillard JH, Schaefer-Prokop CM,编. Grainger & Allison's Diagnostic Radiology. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 1.
Shaqdan KW, Otrakji A, Sahani D. Safe use of contrast media. In: Abujudeh HH, Bruno MA, eds. Radiology Noninterpretive Skills: The Requisites. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018:chap 20.
Review Date: 07/31/2022